在现在的网络开发中,上传图片类的需求实在是太普通不过了,但是对于怎么样做到上传图片,对于刚开始建立项目的时候,还是有点不知所措的。也许有幸,我们做的项目是之前已经有人写过类似的用例了,那么我们只需要依葫芦画瓢就行了。
好好了解下图片上传(文件上传)的方式,对于认知的提升还是有好处的。而且说不定哪天你就有个这样的需求呢,这里是一条龙上传。
本文就一个从app到php层,再到java层的流程,演译下整个上传图片的流程吧。
一、app端获取用户选择的图片,转化为输入流,上传至php前端接口:
package com.dia.ration;import java.io.DataOutputStream;import java.io.File;import java.io.FileInputStream;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.InputStream;import java.net.HttpURLConnection;import java.net.MalformedURLException;import java.net.URL;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.Map;import java.util.UUID;/** * 上传文件到服务器类 */public class UploadUtil { private static final String TAG = "uploadFile"; private static final int TIME_OUT = 10 * 1000; // 超时时间 private static final String CHARSET = "utf-8"; // 设置编码 /** * Android上传文件到服务端 * * @param file 需要上传的文件 * @param RequestURL 请求的rul * @return 返回响应的内容 */ public static String uploadFile(File file, String RequestURL) { String result = null; String BOUNDARY = UUID.randomUUID().toString(); // 边界标识 随机生成 String PREFIX = "--", LINE_END = "\r\n"; String CONTENT_TYPE = "multipart/form-data"; // 内容类型 try { URL url = new URL(RequestURL); HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection(); conn.setReadTimeout(TIME_OUT); conn.setConnectTimeout(TIME_OUT); conn.setDoInput(true); // 允许输入流 conn.setDoOutput(true); // 允许输出流 conn.setUseCaches(false); // 不允许使用缓存 conn.setRequestMethod("POST"); // 请求方式 conn.setRequestProperty("Charset", CHARSET); // 设置编码 conn.setRequestProperty("connection", "keep-alive"); conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", CONTENT_TYPE + ";boundary=" + BOUNDARY); if (file != null) { DataOutputStream dos = new DataOutputStream(conn.getOutputStream()); StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(); sb.append(PREFIX); sb.append(BOUNDARY); sb.append(LINE_END); /** * 这里重点注意: name里面的值为服务端需要key 只有这个key 才可以得到对应的文件 * filename是文件的名字,包含后缀名的 比如:abc.png */ sb.append("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"uploadfile\"; filename=\"" + file.getName() + "\"" + LINE_END); sb.append("Content-Type: application/octet-stream; charset=" + CHARSET + LINE_END); sb.append(LINE_END); dos.write(sb.toString().getBytes()); InputStream is = new FileInputStream(file); byte[] bytes = new byte[1024]; int len = 0; while ((len = is.read(bytes)) != -1) { dos.write(bytes, 0, len); } is.close(); dos.write(LINE_END.getBytes()); byte[] end_data = (PREFIX + BOUNDARY + PREFIX + LINE_END).getBytes(); dos.write(end_data); dos.flush(); InputStream input = conn.getInputStream(); StringBuffer sb1 = new StringBuffer(); int ss; while ((ss = input.read()) != -1) { sb1.append((char) ss); } result = sb1.toString(); } } catch (MalformedURLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return result; } /** * 通过拼接的方式构造请求内容,实现参数传输以及文件传输 * * @param url Service net address * @param params text content * @param files pictures * @return String result of Service response * @throws IOException */ public static String post(String url, Map<String, String> params, Map<String, File> files) throws IOException { String BOUNDARY = UUID.randomUUID().toString(); String PREFIX = "--", LINEND = "\r\n"; String MULTIPART_FROM_DATA = "multipart/form-data"; String CHARSET = "UTF-8"; URL uri = new URL(url); HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) uri.openConnection(); conn.setReadTimeout(10 * 1000); // 缓存的最长时间 conn.setDoInput(true); // 允许输入 conn.setDoOutput(true); // 允许输出 conn.setUseCaches(false); // 不允许使用缓存 conn.setRequestMethod("POST"); conn.setRequestProperty("connection", "keep-alive"); conn.setRequestProperty("Charsert", "UTF-8"); conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", MULTIPART_FROM_DATA + ";boundary=" + BOUNDARY); // 首先组拼文本类型的参数 StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()) { sb.append(PREFIX); sb.append(BOUNDARY); sb.append(LINEND); sb.append("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"" + entry.getKey() + "\"" + LINEND); sb.append("Content-Type: text/plain; charset=" + CHARSET + LINEND); sb.append("Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit" + LINEND); sb.append(LINEND); sb.append(entry.getValue()); sb.append(LINEND); } DataOutputStream outStream = new DataOutputStream(conn.getOutputStream()); outStream.write(sb.toString().getBytes()); // 发送文件数据 if (files != null) for (Map.Entry<String, File> file : files.entrySet()) { StringBuilder sb1 = new StringBuilder(); sb1.append(PREFIX); sb1.append(BOUNDARY); sb1.append(LINEND); sb1.append("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"uploadfile\"; filename=\"" + file.getValue().getName() + "\"" + LINEND); sb1.append("Content-Type: application/octet-stream; charset=" + CHARSET + LINEND); sb1.append(LINEND); outStream.write(sb1.toString().getBytes()); InputStream is = new FileInputStream(file.getValue()); byte[] buffer = new byte[1024]; int len = 0; while ((len = is.read(buffer)) != -1) { outStream.write(buffer, 0, len); } is.close(); outStream.write(LINEND.getBytes()); } byte[] end_data = (PREFIX + BOUNDARY + PREFIX + LINEND).getBytes(); outStream.write(end_data); outStream.flush(); int res = conn.getResponseCode(); InputStream in = conn.getInputStream(); StringBuilder sb2 = new StringBuilder(); if (res == 200) { int ch; while ((ch = in.read()) != -1) { sb2.append((char) ch); } } outStream.close(); conn.disconnect(); return sb2.toString(); } // 测试 public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { String requestURL = "sss"; final Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<String, String>(); params.put("send_userId", String.valueOf(1)); params.put("send_email", "ss@ss.com"); final Map<String, File> files = new HashMap<String, File>(); files.put("uploadfile", new File("/var/data/de.jpg")); final String result = UploadUtil.post(requestURL, params, files); System.out.println("result is: " + result); } }
二、php服务端接收文件,临时保存并继续上传至java后端:
1. 接收文件类
<?php namespace App\Controller;use Action\RestAction;use Api\UploadApi;class UserController extends RestAction { /** * 用户头像上传 */ public function set_avatar_post($code) { $uploadApi = new UploadApi(); $res = $uploadApi->uploads('avatar'); $filename = $res['data']; $result = $uploadApi->uploadAvatar($code, $filename); @unlink($filename); //删除图片 if (!$result['status']) { $this->response($result); } $avatar = A("Personal", "Api")->getAvatar($code); $this->response($avatar); } }
2. 上传类
<?php namespace Api\Action;class UploadApi { public function __construct() { //... } public function curlGet($url, $param = array(), $timeout = 30, $ajaxResponseImmediately = true) { $opts = array( CURLOPT_TIMEOUT => $timeout, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER => 1, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER => false, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST => false, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER => $header ); switch (strtoupper($method)) { // case 'POST': // $opts[CURLOPT_URL] = $url; // $opts[CURLOPT_POST] = 1; // $opts[CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS] = $param; // break; http://www.cnblogs.com/yougewe/p/7095884.html